基于CentOS搭建WordPress个人博客

2017-10-16

1. 准备 LNMP 环境

LNMP 是 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP 的缩写，是 WordPress 博客系统依赖的基础运行环境。我们先来准备 LNMP 环境

安装 Nginx

使用 yum 安装 Nginx：

1	yum install nginx -y

修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf，去除对 IPv6 地址的监听，可参考下面的示例：

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    # listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  _;
    root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
    # Load configuration files for the default server block.
    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
    location / {
    }
    error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /40x.html {
    }
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
    }
}

修改完成后，启动 Nginx：

nginx

此时，可访问云服务器外网 HTTP 服务（http://yourdomain.com）来确认是否已经安装成功。

将 Nginx 设置为开机自动启动：

1	chkconfig nginx on

安装 MySQL

使用 yum 安装 MySQL：
1
yum install mysql-server -y
安装完成后，启动 MySQL 服务：
1
service mysqld restart
设置 MySQL 账户 root 密码：
1
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'MyPas$word4Word_Press'
将 MySQL 设置为开机自动启动：
1
chkconfig mysqld on
安装 PHP

使用 yum 安装 PHP：
1
yum install php-fpm php-mysql -y
安装之后，启动 PHP-FPM 进程：
1
service php-fpm start
启动之后，可以使用下面的命令查看 PHP-FPM 进程监听哪个端口
1
netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
把 PHP-FPM 也设置成开机自动启动：
1
chkconfig php-fpm on

2. 安装并配置 WordPress

安装 WordPress

配置好 LNMP 环境后，继续使用 yum 来安装 WordPress：
1
yum install wordpress -y
安装完成后，就可以在 /usr/share/wordpress 看到 WordPress 的源代码了。

由于上面的安装方法默认安装的是英文版，所以我们还要下载中文语言包，如果不需要中文安装可跳过此步骤
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wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.8.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
tar -zxvf wordpress*
mv -r wordpress/wp-content/languages /usr/share/wordpress/wp-content
rm -rf wordpress*

配置数据库

进入 MySQL：

1	mysql -uroot --password='MyPas$word4Word_Press'

为 WordPress 创建一个数据库：

1	CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

MySQL 部分设置完了，我们退出 MySQL 环境：

exit

把上述的 DB 配置同步到 WordPress 的配置文件 `wp-config.php` 中，可参考下面的配置：
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104 <?php
/**
 * The base configuration for WordPress
 *
 * The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the
 * installation. You don't have to use the web site, you can
 * copy this file to "wp-config.php" and fill in the values.
 *
 * This file contains the following configurations:
 *
 * * MySQL settings
 * * Secret keys
 * * Database table prefix
 * * ABSPATH
 *
 * @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php
 *
 * @package WordPress
 */
// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'root');
/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'MyPas$word4Word_Press');
/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');
define('WPLANG', 'zh_CN');
/**#@+
 * Authentication Unique Keys and Salts.
 *
 * Change these to different unique phrases!
 * You can generate these using the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}
 * You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies. This will force all users to have to log in again.
 *
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
define('AUTH_KEY',         'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'put your unique phrase here');
/**#@-*/
/**
 * WordPress Database Table prefix.
 *
 * You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
 * a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
 */
$table_prefix  = 'wp_';
/**
 * See http://make.wordpress.org/core/2013/10/25/the-definitive-guide-to-disabling-auto-updates-in-wordpress-3-7
 */
/* Disable all file change, as RPM base installation are read-only */
define('DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true);
/* Disable automatic updater, in case you want to allow
   above FILE_MODS for plugins, themes, ... */
define('AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true);
/* Core update is always disabled, WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE value is ignore */
/**
 * For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
 *
 * Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
 * It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
 * in their development environments.
 *
 * For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
 * visit the Codex.
 *
 * @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_in_WordPress
 */
define('WP_DEBUG', false);
/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */
/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
    define('ABSPATH', '/usr/share/wordpress');
/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

配置 Nginx

WordPress 已经安装完毕，我们配置 Nginx 把请求转发给 PHP-FPM 来处理

首先，重命名默认的配置文件：

1 2	cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ mv default.conf defaut.conf.bak

在 /etc/nginx/conf.d 创建 wordpress.conf 配置，参考下面的内容：

server {
    listen 80;
    root /usr/share/wordpress;
    location / {
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php index.php;
    }
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

配置后，通知 Nginx 进程重新加载：

1	nginx -s reload

大功告成

恭喜，您的 WordPress 博客已经部署完成，您可以通过浏览器访问博客查看效果。博客访问地址：http://yourdomain.com/wp-admin/install.php